Name : OMER ABDEL RAHIM EL KHIDIR
Fax : 249-013-385269
e mail : elkhidir@yahoo.co.uk
Nationality : Sudanese
Date of birth : 1944
Languages : Arabic (mother tongue)
English (fluent)
Religion : Muslim
Marital status : Married + 5 Children
Recent post (2003) : Director, Animal Production Research Centre, Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan Animal Resources , Research Corporation. Ministry of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Academic status : Professor, Animal Nutrition.
A.QUALIFICATIONS
Academic :
B.V.Sc. (1968). University of Khartoum.
M.V.Sc., Animal Production (1977). University of Khartoum.
Diploma, Physiology of Animal Nutrition (1978). The Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Study course in general biochemistry and genetics of bacteria and microbiology of ruminants (1979). Dept. of Microbiology & Microbial Ecology, Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ph.D., Feed Evaluation, Cattle Feeding and Microbiology. (1981). The Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Training Courses :
Fourth International Course in Dairy Cattle Husbandry, International Agricultural Centre, and Wageningen. The Netherlands. 15th. March to 18th. June 1976.
Records of Animal Production and Extension, Middle East and Near East Regional Animal Production and Health Project, Baghdad. 2nd. May to 15th. May 1982.
Sheep and Goats Production ( MINEA DEP ) Cyprus 21st. Nov. to 3rd. Dec. 1983.
Management of Agricultural Research, International Service for National Agricultural Research & Management Agricultural Management Centre, Swaziland, 2nd. Sept. to 27th. September 1985.
Regional training of trainers workshop to assist countries in the development of country reports contributing to the state of the world animal genetic resources process. 2-11 July, 2001. F.A.O.,Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
111. PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES, WORKSHOPS AND SEMINARS:
Workshop on promotion of dairy production in the Sudan.
1 – 3 December 1984, Friendship Hall, Khartoum.
Workshop on livestock policy, range and feed utilization, FAO,
Khartoum. 10 – 13 November 1985.
The 1st. task force meeting on the manufacture of molasses urea
Blocks and utilization of urea treated straw FAO, Moshi,
Tanzania.18 – 21 October 1988.
The 13th. Veterinary conference, Sudan Veterinary Association,
Khartoum. 19 – 21 December 1988.
Seminar on new animal feeds from by-products of starch and
Glucose industry, El Sharga Hall, Khartoum.25th. March 1990.
Seminar on the role of animal resources in feed security. People
Hall, Omdurman.3 – 4 December 1990.
The 2nd task force meeting on the molasses urea blocks and
Utilization of urea treated straw, FAO, Cairo.
28th. April to 2nd. May 1991.
Conference on development of animal resources in the Eastern
State, Kassala, Sudan.10 – 12 February, 1992.
Animal resources conference. Central State, Medani, Sudan.
4 – 6 August, 1992.
Molasses workshop, Grand Hotel, Khartoum.
23 – 24 November, 1992.
First scientific conference, National Center for Research,
Friendship Hall, Khartoum. January 1993. Livestock Ranches, El Shariah Hall, Khartoum.9 – 10 February, 1993.
Pastrolists conference, Khartoum, Sudan.29 – 30 January 1994.
Conference for the development of animal resources in the Gadarif State, Gadarif, Sudan.18 – 20 June 1995.
Conference for the development of the pastrolists sector in
the Sudan. Kosti, Sudan.2 – 5 October 1995.
A seminar on the use of molasses as an animal feed, organized by
Kenana Sugar Factory. Palace Hotel, Khartoum North. 17.12.98.
The fourth Scientific Conference, National Research Center. Friend
-ship Hall, Khartoum. 6-8 April, 1999.
A seminar on New Technology to increase red meat production.
Union of Arabic Scientific Counsels. Arabic Authority for Agric-
Cultural Investment and Development. Khartoum, 8-10/2/2000.
The Scientific forum of the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal
Resources. Khartoum State. 8.8.2000.
Workshop on management of animal genetic resources. IGAD,
ASARECA,FAO AND UNDP. Hilton Nairobi, 22-26 January,
2001.
Regional training workshop for country representatives of angloph-
One African countries for the preparation of the country reports to the first report on the state of the world s animal genetic resources, ILRI, Addis Ababa 02.7 – 11.07, 2001.
iv. Consultation
1/ Expert consultations on utilization of cotton stalks in the
production of animal feeds, UNDP, Cairo ( Egypt ).
5 – 7 July 1988.
2/ Technical consultation on a project for utilization of cotton
and crop residues as animal feeds. Arab Organization for
Agricultural Development, Khartoum.
23 – 25 May 1992.
3/ Regional consultation on animal feed and related industries
in Africa, UNIDO, Vienna, Austria.
5 – 8 October 1993.
4/ A study on development of new techniques for red meat
preservation. Arab Organization for Agricultural Development,
Khartoum .1993.
5/ Assessment of the introduced private sector investment in the
animal production research stations in the Sudan ( Um Binein,
Atbara, Shukaba and El Huda ) and submission of a report to the State minister at Ministry of Animal Resources. September, 1996.
V. MEMBERSHIPS AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
1.Editorial Secretary, The Sudan Journal of Animal Production.
1988 – 1999.
2. Editor in chief, The Sudan Journal of Animal Production 2000-
3.National co-coordinator of the FAO Project for manufacture and
Distribution of molasses urea blocks. FAO Project TCP/SUD/4516.
4.Member of the Sudan Veterinary Union.
5.Member of the regional task force on manufacture of molasses
Urea blocks and utilization of urea treated straw, FAO.
V1. TEACHING
Lecturer of Animal Nutrition ( Part-time ). Polytechnic Institute,
Division of Veterinary technicians.1983 – 1989.
Training of six livestock officers from Malawi on utilization of crop residues, agro-industrial by-products and molasses urea blocks. Study tour to Sudan.30th. January to 5th. February 1989, FAO.
External Examiner for several post-graduate students ( MVSc& Ph.D.), Universities of Khartoum, Sudan and Islamic Omdurman.
Supervisor and co-supervisor for the following post graduate students:
Co supervisor; ( University of Khartoum ) .
M.Sc. Student Isam El Din El Tahir, graduated 1995
“ “ Salwa El Fadil Ibrahim “ 1996
“ “ Ibrahim Hassaballa “ 1996
“ “ Salah Abdel Dafei “ 1994
“ “ Ahmed Gamal “ 1995
“ “ El Muez Lidinallah Mohamed “ 1997
“ “ Isam El Din Hashim “ 1997
“ “ Ahmed Mahgoub Habiballa “ 1998
“ “ El Sir Abdel Hai (continuing).
Supervisor of the following M.Sc. Students:
Faysal Said Abdel Galil ( University of Juba )
Graduated in 1997.
Rugia Osman M.Nour (Omdurman Islamic University).
Graduated in 2000.
Eltoma Ahmed Hussein (Omdurman Islamic University).
Graduated in 2001.
Anglo Kornelo Aroma (University of Juba). Graduated in
2001.
Co-supervisor; ( University of Khartoum) .
Ph.D. Student Abu El Gassim Yousif, graduated 1996.
Ph.D. Student Hassan Khogali, graduated in 1999.
Ph.D. student Adong Koc Joc, graduated in 2000.
Ph.D. Student Yousif Hussein Abdalla (continuing).
Supervisor of the following Ph.D. Students:
Nadia El Aggab (University of Khartoum)graduated in 2001.
Muzamil Atta (University of Juba ) graduated in 2001 .
Intisar Yousif ( University of Khartoum ) ( graduated 2001)
Butheina El Harith (Elzsaiem Alazhari University) (continuing)
Babiker Awadeseed Ahmed (University of Khartoum graduated
In 2003.
e) Supervisor of the following post-graduate diploma students:
Huda Mhohmed Zein Elabdeen (University of Sudan),graduated 2000
El Fadil Mahmoud Mohd. Ahmed (University of Sudan),graduated 1997
Lecturer of Animal Physiology to students of MSc. Courses at Omdurman Islamic University in 1996 and 1997.
Participated as a lecturer in animal nutrition for several training courses held at different departments of Animal Resources Secretariat.
Contributed as a lecturer to the workshop on (Guide lines for developing feed supplementation packages) held at the Institute Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan 11, Rabat, Morocco, from
10-14 March 1997. The International Atomic Energy Agency.
Founder, Co-ordinator and lecturer of a course in Statistics and Experimental design for post graduate students. It is a regular biannual course held at Animal Production Research Center, Khartoum North. The performance of this course is as follows:
No. of course Period No. of students
1st. course Jul/Sept.2000 22
2nd. course Mar/May 2000 33
3rd. course Sept/Nov 2000 71
4th. course May/Jul 2001 69
5th. course Sept/Nov 2001 28
6th course March/ 2002 45
7th course Sept/Nov 2002 53
8th course Mar/May 2003 39
9th course Aug/Oct 2003 30
V11. PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS
1/ Contributed to the improvement and utilization of crop residues and agro-industrial by-products as animal feeds in the Sudan;
a/ Built one of the biggest Molasses urea blocks manufacturing plants in Middle East and Africa. This was established in collaboration with the FAO, 1986 at Kuku, Khartoum North.
b/ Founder of Molasses urea blocks as a commodity in the Sudanese markets. Played an important role in the Sudan and abroad for the wide use of molasses as animal feed.
c/ Built three Molasses urea blocks manufacturing plants at Maringan (Geziera State), New Halfa (Eastern State) and Atbarah (Northern State). The three of them are now functioning.
d/ Introduced steep liquor and glucose mud (by-products of starch industry) as animal feeds in the Sudan.
e/ Organized a workshop on molasses utilization as animal feed in collaboration with Khartoum State, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources at the Grand Hotel on 23.11.92. and edited the proceedings of this workshop in a book.
f/ Organized a Seminar on the uses of some by-products of starch industry for animal feeding in the Sudan in collaboration with Arab Authority for Agricultural Investment and Development, Khartoum. El Shariah Hall, Khartoum 23.3.90.
g/ Wrote in the local news papers about the uses of molasses as an animal feed, and conducted several programs in Sudan television and radio on the uses of crop-residues and agro-industrial by-products as animal feeds.
2/ One of the founders of the Sudan Journal of Animal Production which was first issued in 1988.
3/ Established a large scale fattening centre in 1992 at the Dept. of livestock fattening and meat production at Kuku, Khartoum North of a total animal production capacity of 4000 heads of cattle. The main aim of the centre is concerned with applied research and also to supply meat to citizens in Khartoum.
4/ Established a project at Kuku for breeding local Nubian goats of about 200 heads.
5/ Established a laboratory for meat technology in 1993 at the department of livestock fattening and meat production at Kuku in collaboration with Central Corporation Co-operative for workers.
6/ Created a biannual course in statistics and experimental design for post-graduate students. Animal production Research Station at Kuku, Khartoum North. Five courses have been conducted up to now.
V111. POSTS HELD
Veterinary Officer, Khartoum, Wad Medani and El Fasher. Ministry of Animal Resources.
District Veterinary Officer, El Fasher, Darfur Province.
Livestock Officer, Animal Production Research Administration. Worked at El Ghurashi Dairy Farm (1972-73); Post graduate student, University of Khartoum (1973-77) and post graduate student, Royal Veterinary and Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark (1977-81).
Head of the Animal Production Research Centre at Kuku, Khartoum North and Director of the Animal Nutrition Research Laboratory.
Head of the Department of Animal Nutrition, Animal Production Research Administration, Khartoum.
1988-92 Head of Department of Livestock Fattening and Meat Production Research Animal Production Research Administration, Kuku, Khartoum North.
Director General, Animal Production Research Administration, Ministry of Animal Resources, Khartoum, Sudan.
Deputy director general of Animal Resources Research Corporation (For Research).
1997–2003 Director Animal Production Research Centre, Kuku. Animal
Resources Research Corporation, Ministry of Science and
Technology.
1X. PUBLICATIONS IN LOCAL & INTERNATIONAL REFEREED
JOURNALS
Khalifa, H.A., Khidir, O.A. and Mohamed, T.A. ( 1975 ). Intake of food and water requirements of growing Kenana heifers ( a Northern Sudan Zebu ). Acta Veterinaria ( Beograd ), 25 : 261-267.
El Khidir et al ( 1979 ). A study of some economic traits in a herd of Kenana cattle ( Northern Sudan Zebu ). 2. Age at first calving and effects of improved nutrition on body development and sexual maturity. Animal Breeding and Genetics ( Germany ), 96 : 210-220.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1980 ). A note on prediction of liveweight of growing Kenana heifers from linear body measurements. Sudan J.Vet.Sci., and Anim.Husb. 21 : 102-104.
El Khidir, O.A. and Vestergaard Thomsen, K. ( 1982 ). The effect of high levels of molasses in combinations with hay on digestibility of organic matter, microbial protein synthesis and volatile fatty acids production in-vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology 7 : 277-286.
El Khidir, O.A. and Vestergaard Thomsen, K. ( 1983 ). Effect of intake on digestibility of plant cell walls and cellular content of complete rations for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 9 : 197-204.
El Khidir, et al ( 1983 ). The use of Balanites kernel cake in a ration for fattening sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology 9 : 301-306.
El Khidir, et al ( 1984 ). High levels of molasses and peanut hulls in a urea supplemented diet for sheep fattening. World Review of Animal Production 20 : 73-77.
Khalafalla, A.M. and El Khidir, O.A. ( 1985 ). A note on intensive fattening of Sudan Desert Lambs. World Review of Animal Production. 21 : 41-43.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1988 ). New in animal feed technology. Molasses and urea cubes ( Arabic ). Poultry Middle East & North Africa 79 : 46-47.
El Khidir, et al ( 1988 ). Effects of a traditional and unconventional fattening diets on feedlot performance of Kenana bull calves. Sudan J.Animal Production 1 : 1-6.
El Khidir, et al ( 1988 ). The effect of feeding diets of variable energy concentrations on growth and carcass composition of Sudan Desert Lambs. Sudan J.Anim. Prod. 1 : 81-88.
El Khidir, et al ( 1989 ). Molasses urea blocks as an emergency diet for sheep in the Sudan. Sudan J.Anim.Prod. 2 : 9-17.
El Khidir, et al ( 1989 ). Molasses blocks containing oil seed cake and urea versus a concentrate supplement in a basal hay diet for feeding Sudan Desert Lambs. Sudan J.Anim.Prod. 2 : 79-87.
Khalafalla A.M. and El Khidir O.A. ( 1990 ). Some observation on carcass characteristics of imported Australian Merino Sheep. Sudan J.Anim.Prod. 3 : 109-113.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1990 ). Molasses urea blocks for feeding sheep in the Sudan ( Arabic ). Poultry Middle East and North Africa, 90 : 56-58.
Badr, N.A.M., El Khidir, O.A., Ibrahim, S.E. and Mabrouk, A.A. ( 1991 ). Concentrated by-products of sorghum wet milling, starch and glucose production as feed-supplements for fattening cattle, Sudan J.Anim.Prod. 4: 1-9.
El Khidir, O.A. and Badr, N.A.M. ( 1992 ). Utilization of sorghum wet milling industrial wastes as feed block supplement for lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. Indian J.Anim.Nutr. 69: 69-72.
El Khidir, O.A. and Salwa, E. ( 1993 ). Molasses for fattening Sudanese Cattle ( Arabic ). Poultry Middle East and North Africa 110: 62-66.
El Khidir, O.A., El Khidir, Itidal. A. and Ibrahim, Salwa, E.
( 1995 ). Fattening Western Sudan Zebu cattle (The Baggara). (Arabic). Bovine and Ovine Middle East and N. Africa. 2: 22-25
El Khidir, O.A. and Ibrahim, Salwa. E. ( 1997 ). Raising of Sudan Nubian Goats for Milk Production ( Arabic ). Bovine and Ovine Middle East and N. Africa. 7: 32-33.
El Khidir, O.A. and Ibrahim, Salwa E. (1999). Effect of season, year and initial liveweight on liveweight gain and feeding efficiency in Western Sudan Baggara cattle. Indian J. of Animal Sciences 69 (6): 430-32.
I.H.El Mula, S.A. Babiker, O.A. El Khidir and S.E. Ibrahim (1999). Meat production from female goat kids compared with males. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 133: 233 – 226.
El Tahir, I.E., Babiker,S.A. and El Khidir,O.A. (2000). Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Western Baggara and Friesian bulls. 1. Slaughtered at 300 kg liveweight. Sudan. J. Anim. Prod. 13: 1-10.
El Tahir, I.E., El Khidir, O.A. and Babiker, S.A. (2000). Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Western Baggara and Friesian bulls. 2. Slaughtered at 400 kg liveweight. Sudan J. of Anim. Production, 13: 11-17.
El Khidir, O.A. and Ahmed, F. (2000). The experience of manufacturing of molasses urea blocks in the Sudan. Albuhuth, vol. 8 (1):282-295.National Centre for Research.
Gubartella, Nekheila and El Khidir, O.A. (2002). Production and reproduction traits of a flock of Sudanese Nubian goats fed on molasses or sorghum based diets. Sudan J. Anim. Prod. 15: 39-48.
Gubartella, Nekheila and El Khidir, O.A. (2003). Some observations on performance of first kidding Sudanese Nubian goats. Sudan J. Anim. Prod. 15: 49 – 62.
Atta, M. and El Khidir, O.A. (2003) A study on the use on body measurements for prediction of liveweight of Sudan Nilotic lambs and the effects of diet, sex and litter size on the changes of these measurements. Submitted for publication in Small Ruminant Research.
Atta, M. and El Khidir, O.A. (2003). A study of some productive traits of Sudan Nilotic ewes. Submitted for publicationns in Indian J. of Anim. Sci.
PAPERS PRESENTED IN CONFERENCES & WORKSHOPS
El Khidir, O.A., Ali, A.M. and Ahmed I.A. ( 1984 ). Feedstuffs and dairy production in the Sudan ( Arabic ). Workshop on promotion of dairy production in the Sudan. Animal Resources Secretariat, Khartoum 1-3 December 1984.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1985 ). Crop residues, agro-industrial by-products, energy, protein and non-conventional feeds in the Sudan. A workshop on livestock policy, range and feed utilization. Guidelines for drought-prone African Countries. FAO, Khartoum, 10-13 October 1985.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1988 ). Manufacture and distribution of molasses urea blocks for feeding ruminants in the Sudan. The regional task force meeting on the manufacture of molasses / urea blocks and urea treated straw. Moshi, Tanzania 18-21 October 1988.
Mohamed, B.Y., El Khidir, O.A. and Abdel Razig, A. ( 1988 ). The use of concentrates, in animal nutrition. ( Arabic ). The 13th. Veterinary Conference. The Sudan Veterinary Association 19-21 December 1988.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1990 ). Prespectives of improvement of livestock in Gazala Gawazat Research Station ( Arabic ). A workshop on development of animal resources in Darfur district. Nyala 10-13 November 1990.
El Khidir et al ( 1990 ). Feeds and animal resources development. ( Arabic ). A Seminar on the role of Animal Resources on feed security. People Hall, Omdurman 3-4 December 1990.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1991 ). Manufacture and distribution of molasses urea blocks (MUB). Project TCP/SUD/4516. Second Task Force Meeting on molasses and straw treatment, Cairo, F.A.O., 28.4 to 2.5.1991.
Khalafalla, A.M. and El Khidir, O.A. ( 1991 ). Some characteristics of carcasses of Sudan Desert Sheep ( Arabic ). International Seminar on the use of new techniques to increase red meat production. Amman Jordan, September 1991.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1991 ). The use of Agro-industrial by-products as animal feeds in the Sudan. 1st. International Animal Nutrition Workers Conference for Asia and Pacific 23-28th. September 1991.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1992 ). Molasses urea blocks for feeding livestock in the Eastern State. ( Arabic ). Conference on development of animal resources in the Eastern State. Kassala, 10-12 February 1992.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1992 ). Use of new techniques to improve animal feeds and intensive utilization of agro-industrial by-products in animal nutrition ( Arabic ). Animal Resources Conference, Central State, Medani 4-6 August 1992.
El Khidir, O.A. et al ( 1992 ). The use of molasses for cattle fattening. The molasses workshop, Grand Hotel, Khartoum
23-24 November 1992.
El Khidir, O.A. et al ( 1993 ). Molasses for fattening Sudanese Cattle ( Arabic ). First Scientific Conference, National Centre for Research 25th. January 1993, Khartoum.
Sid Ahmed, A., El Khidir, O.A. and Rahama, M.A. ( 1993 ). Feed Balance in livestock ranches ( Arabic ). A seminar on livestock ranches. El Shariga Hall, Khartoum, 9-10 February 1993.
Darag, A., Yousif, A.I., El Khidir, O.A., Mohamadain, A.D., Nour, H.M. and El Mula, M.F. ( 1994 ). Range and grazing between tradition and innovation. ( Arabic ). Sudan Pasturalists Conference, Kassala 29-30 January 1994.
El Khidir, O.A. ( 1995 ). Available feed resources and development of animal wealth in the Gedarif State. ( Arabic ). Animal development conference, Gedarif State, Gedarif 18-20 June, 1995.
Darage, A., El Khidir, O.A. and Kheir, M.A.M. ( 1995 ). The range and other feed resources used in animal nutrition. Development of pasturalists sector in the Sudan. A conference held at Kosti, 2nd to 5th. October, 1995.
El Khidir,O.A. et al (1998). Production and processing of red
Meat. Proc. 8th Arab Conf. Khartoum, 24-28 March 1998.pp.
462-475.
X1. TITLES OF THESES SUBMITTED FOR POST-GRADUATE
DEGREES
1/ A pilot study for the effect of improved nutrition on growth and sexual maturity of local type heifers. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the MVSc. Degree, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
2/ High levels of molasses in roughage rations for growing and fattening cattle. The effect of high levels of molasses with hay or straw on the digestibility of organic matter, microbial protein synthesis and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in-vitro. A thesis submitted for a diploma in physiology of animal nutrition. Veterinary faculty for FAO fellows, Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
3/ a) The effects of starch and cellulose combinations with urea or casein nitrogen on digestibility and growth of cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria in-vitro.
Demonstration of the pectolytic activity of some bacteria isolated from soil, fruit, vegetable and rumen liquor samples.
A scientific report submitted to the Dept. of Microbiology and Microbial Ecology, Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark, in partial fulfillment for a minor subject leading to a Ph.D. Degree.
4/ The effect of cell walls and cell content on digestibility of rations fed at different levels of intake to ruminants. Ph.D. Thesis. Institute of Animal Science, The Royal Vet. & Agric. University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
X11. NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDIES
The utilization of by-products of Sugar cane industry in the Sudan. Ministry of National planning Khartoum 1990.
A report of Animal Resources Secretariat to the Ministry of Finance and Economic planning on efforts to develop the animal resources sector, programs to increase productivity and export. Sept. 1991.
A feasibility study on a project for red meat production in the Republic of Sudan ,Arab Organization for Agricultural Development, Khartoum. January 1992.
A feasibility study for integration of livestock in the Rahad Scheme.
A feasibility study for integration of livestock in the Kenaf Scheme, Abu Naama, El Dali & Mazmoum Co. 1992.
A feasibility study for projects to manufacture Molasses urea blocks in New Halfa, Medani and Atbara. Animal Resources Seretarit 1991.
According to this study the government of the Sudan allotted a sum of 18, 126, 000 L.S. to establish these projects.
X111. PUBLISHED BOOKS
El Khidir, O.A. (1992). Editor , Proceedings of the conference on molasses utilization as an animal feed. Grand Hotel, Khartoum
23.11.1992.
El Khidir,O.A. and others (1995). Fattening of livestock in Sudan. 1. The
Baggara cattle . Animal Production Research Centre, Khartoum North.
El Khidir, O.A. and Salwa, E. Ibrahim (1998). The molasses urea blocks
Project, the practice and application 1986-1996. Animal production Research Centre, Khartoum North.
Hassan, M. Hassan, Ahmed, F. and El Khidir, O.A. (2000). Bibliography
Of Research in Animal Production in the Sudan. Animal Resources Research Corporation, Sudan and The Arab Centre for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands.
El Khidir,O.A. (2001). Statistics and experimental design. Animal Prod-
uction Research Station, Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan.
1XV.SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
Director of Kuku Animal Production Complex Workers
Co-operative.
Director of Kuku Animal Production Complex Workers
Investment Project for Fattening Livestock.
Chairman of Kuku Animal Production Complex kindergarten.
Planned and constructed a Cafeteria, a Mosque and a Kindergarten in Kuku Animal Production Complex. All these buildings were financed by the revolving funds in the complex.